In machine learning, computers apply statistical learning techniques to automatically identify patterns in data. These techniques can be used to make highly accurate predictions. site 
Machine learning identifies patterns using statistical learning and computers by unearthing boundaries in data sets. You can use it to make predictions.
One method for making predictions is called a decision trees, which uses a series of if-then statements to identify boundaries and define patterns in the data
Overfitting happens when some boundaries are based on on distinctions that don't make a difference. You can see if a model overfits by having test data flow through the model.
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